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Kaala Paani (Black Water) Jail, also known as a Cellular Jail, is situated on Ross Island in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India.
The jail was built by the British in 1896 to house political prisoners, dangerous criminals and convicts.
The jail's unique design consisted of individual cells arranged in a radial pattern, resembling a honeycomb. This design was intended to isolate prisoners and prevent communication.
Prisoners were subjected to harsh conditions, including solitary confinement, limited food, and physical and psychological torture.
The jail housed several prominent Indian freedom fighters, including Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, and Vinayak Damodar Savarkar.
In 1909, the British enacted the Cellular Jail Act, which imposed strict regulations on prisoners and limited their rights.
In 1913, a group of Indian prisoners successfully escaped from the jail, becoming a symbol of resistance against British rule.
During World War II, the jail was used by the Japanese to imprison Allied prisoners of war.
After India's independence, Cellular Jail was declared a national memorial in 1963.
Today, Cellular Jail is a popular tourist destination, attracting visitors from all over the world. The jail's history and the stories of its prisoners serve as a reminder of India's struggle for freedom.